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e-Employee Discipline is the electronic and remote conduction of employee discipline procedure during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study is a quantitative descriptive study that focused on assessing and analyzing the implementation of e-Employee Discipline Procedure. Convenient purposive sampling technique was assigned to 150 employees who were employed during COVID-19 pandemic in Metro Manila as the respondents in this study. Furthermore, a survey was utilized to gather quantitative data. Moreover, a one-on-one interview using the data gathered in the statistical result was utilized to gather qualitative data. The demographic profile, majority are male (60%) who age 22 to 25 years old (34%), who are college graduates (48.7%), having an entry level job position (46.7%) and working in art/media/communication industry (35.3%) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents find that the implementation of the e-Employee Discipline Procedure as fair and effective in terms of proper documentation procedures, handling of confidentiality, safety and security ( = 4.64;σ = 0.68). However, the challenge is that the respondents moderately agree that the procedure of employee discipline that is conducted remotely is somehow a bit far off with what is usually done in the office (face-to-face) ( = 4.38;σ = 1.30). The absence of physical touch and non-verbal cues like tone of voice, body language and hand gesture are something that the respondents are longing for. Pandemic really detached people from the warmth of each other. Conducting employee discipline which oftentimes has dealt with emotions remotely finds the respondents longing for the physical presence of being heard. © 2023 ACM.
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INTRODUCTION: India witnessed two distinct COVID-19 waves. We evaluated the clinico-demographic profile of patients infected during first wave (FW) and second wave (SW) in a hospital in north-east India. METHODOLOGY: Patients who tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 specific gene by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction across FW and SW were diagnosed as COVID-19 positive. The clinico-demographic data of these positive patients were retrieved from the specimen-referral-form. Vital parameters including respiratory rate, SpO2, data on COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM), COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS) were obtained from hospital records for in-patients. Patients were categorized based on disease severity. The data obtained in both waves were analyzed comparatively. RESULTS: Out of a total of 119,016 samples tested, 10,164 (8.5%) were SARS-CoV-2 positive (2907 during FW, 7257 during SW). Male predominance was seen across both waves (FW: 68.4%; SW:58.4%), with more children infected during SW. Patients with travel history (24%) and contact with laboratory confirmed cases (61%) were significantly higher during SW relative to FW (10.9% and 42.1% respectively). Healthcare worker infection was higher in SW (5.3%). Symptoms like vomiting [14.8%], diarrhea [10.5%], anosmia [10.4%] and aguesia [9.4%] were more in SW. More patients developed CARDS in SW (6.7%) compared to FW (3.4%) with 85% and 70% patients expiring across FW and SW respectively. No case of CAM is documented in our study. CONCLUSIONS: This was probably the most comprehensive study from north-east India. Industrial oxygen cylinder usage may have been the source of CAM in the rest of the country.
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COVID-19 , Child , Humans , Male , Female , SARS-CoV-2 , Hospitals , India , DemographyABSTRACT
Background: COVID-19 is a novel disease with a highly variable and unpredictable clinical course. Various clinicodemographic factors and numerous biomarkers have been identified in studies from the West and marked as possible predictors of severe illness and mortality which may be used to triage patients for early aggressive care. This triaging becomes even more significant in resource-limited critical care settings of the Indian subcontinent. Methods: This retrospective observational study recruited 99 cases of COVID-19 admitted to intensive care from 1 May to 1 August 2020. Demographic, clinical and baseline laboratory data were collected and analysed for association with clinical outcomes, including survival and need for mechanical ventilatory support. Results: Male gender (p=0.044) and diabetes mellitus (p=0.042) were associated with increased mortality. Binomial logistic regression analysis revealed Interleukin-6 (IL6) (p=0.024), D-dimer (p=0.025) and CRP (p<0.001) as significant predictors of need of ventilatory support and IL6 (p=0.036), CRP (p=0.041), D-dimer (p=0.006) and PaO2FiO2 ratio (p=0.019) as significant predictors of mortality. CRP >40 mg/L predicted mortality with sensitivity of 93.3% and specificity of 88.9% (AUC 0.933) and IL6> 32.5 pg/ml with a sensitivity of 82.2% and specificity of 70.4% (AUC 0.821). Conclusion: Our results suggest that a baseline CRP >40 mg/L, IL6 >32.5 pg/ml or D-dimer >810 ng/ml are early accurate predictors of severe illness and adverse outcomes and may be used to triage patients for early intensive care.
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Introduction and aims The demographic and clinical profile and dynamics of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are not well understood. The study aimed to analyze the demographic, clinical, and RT-PCR profiles of COVID-19 patients. Methodology The study was a retrospective, observational study conducted at a COVID-19 care facility, and the study period was from April 2020 to March 2021. Patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were enrolled in the study. Patients with incomplete details or with only single PCR tests were excluded. Demographic and clinical details and the results of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RT-PCR collected at different time points were retrieved from the records. The statistical software Minitab version 17.1.0 package (Minitab, LLC, State College, PA, USA) and Rstudio version 1.3.959 (Rstudio, Boston, MA, USA) were used for the statistical analysis. Results The mean duration from symptom onset to the last positive RT-PCR was 14.2 ± 4.2 days. The proportions of positive RT-PCR tests were 100%, 40.6%, 7.5%, and 0% at the end of the first, second, third, and fourth weeks of illness. The median duration of days to first negative RT-PCR in the asymptomatic patients was 8 ± 4 days, and 88.2% of asymptomatic patients were RT-PCR-negative within 14 days. A total of 16 symptomatic patients had prolonged positive test results even after three weeks of symptom onset. Older patients were associated with prolonged RT-PCR positivity. Conclusion This study revealed that the average period of RT-PCR positivity from the onset of symptoms is >2 weeks in symptomatic COVID-19 patients. Prolonged observation in the elderly population and repeat RT-PCR before discharge or discontinuation of quarantine is required.
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Background: and Introduction: Physical rehabilitation is vital for patients to regain maximum function. Approximately 80% of people with a disability live in developing countries, where they face multiple challenges in rehabilitation. The goal of the study was to conduct an analysis of indoor rehabilitation programs based on the demographics and medical conditions of the admitted patients and to relate to the available basic health and rehabilitation facilities. Methods: This was a mixed method study conducted in an inpatient rehabilitation ward of a tertiary level academic university hospital in a developing country. All admitted patients who stayed for a period of minimum two weeks were included in the study. Demographic and clinical data were obtained by means of a retrospective medical record review utilizing a standardized data extraction form. The study was further strengthened by an online literature search for the available documents for analysis, relation, and discussion. Results: Among the 1,309 admitted patients was male- female ratio was 10:7, with the majority (31.4%) cases falling between the ages of 46 and 60yrs. Rehabilitation outpatient department was the principal mode of admission (78%), and musculoskeletal and neurological conditions represented the maximum number (79.8%). Majority of patients (60.8%) were discharged home on completion of the rehabilitation program with a large number of patients who were absconded. Poor health budget allocation and lack of prioritization of the rehabilitation sector face multiple challenges, including the rehabilitation team functioning resources, space crisis for expansion which was further impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The country's current health-related rehabilitation process and socio-demographic variables have a negative relationship. There was a large number of missing data in the medical records and many patients were lost prematurely from the indoor rehabilitation program. Musculoskeletal disorders were common, and the majority of patients were discharged home once the program was completed.
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Present study was conducted in ABV Government Medical college, which was the only recognised covid hospital by Government of M.P., with tertiary care facilities in Vidisha district. This study is a record based cross sectional study done to determine various clinico-demographic profile and co-morbidities associated with mortality, among covid 19 patients who died after initiation of treatment in IPD. Mean age affected was 56.64 yrs with slight preponderance of males. Almost 64.22% patient who died were suffering from comorbidities in whom the common were hypertension (11%), diabetes mellitus (9.17%), coronary artery disease (11%), renal involvement (5.5%), obesity (4.58%) and respiratory involvement (8.25%) cases. Common signs and symptoms were fever (92%), cough and cold (90%), dyspnoea (84%), fatigue and myalgia (71%) cases. Oxygen saturation was below 80 mm of Hg in 23.8 % patients and mean duration of hospital stay hospital was 4.0 days. Respiratory support in the form of Bi-pap and C-pap was needed in 17.43% cases and endotracheal intubation was needed in 7.33% cases. Treatment of cardiogenic shock was given in 22.01% cases. © 2022
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COVID - 19 has affected more than 211 countries and territories globally. Governments across the world are taking rigorous precautionary measures and issuing advisories to ensure people do not come out of their houses and the chain of corona virus is broken. The majority of people are following the guidelines stated by their respective government officials and staying at home. But, other that acquiring healthcare services;purchasing groceries and other food items is the only important task which forces people to leave their houses. This deliberately enhances the risk of people getting infected with corona virus. This pandemic situation has shifted the way of shopping grocery for many consumers. People across the whole world are escalating towards online grocery shopping platforms for even milk, eggs and bread. In urban areas people are mostly aware about online grocery services, but for many semi rural and rural areas of country this is still a new concept. Several online grocery shopping websites with assistance of local authorities had managed to supply contactless and doorstep deliveries maintaining all necessary safety measures. However, with sudden increase in demand, these online grocery suppliers have faced many challenges including supply chain pressure and maintaining availability and training of employees under such conditions. There may be several factors that decide the consumer perceptions towards shifting from traditional grocery purchase to online one. This study reveals the consumer behavior and perception of online grocery shopping and impact of demographics on it. It also try to analyze the significant influence of predicted factors on customer satisfaction level towards online grocery shopping. Online data collected from 166 respondents through questionnaire is analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.
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Senior citizens are an emerging population and with the recent spike of Covid-19, there is a need to minimize the digital divide among senior citizens to enable them to fully utilize the Internet for their needs. The Malay Mail Online on 24 September 2021 claimed senior citizens who are not fully equipped to conduct their lives online may be left behind when life in Malaysia has turned digital due to COVID-19 as education and support for the elderly is truly lacking. This research aims to identify senior citizens' Internet usage and perspective on their use of the Internet during the pandemic in Malaysia, to provide effective strategies to educate them in better use the Internet. The data are collected through interview with 10 participants. The questions were designed to collect data regarding participant's demographic profiles and information on Internet usage among senior citizens during Covid-19 pandemic in Malaysia. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data to answer the research question and achieve the objective of this research. The findings of a high frequency of Internet usage through mobile devices for work and personal purposes have contributed to the knowledge on Internet usage among senior citizens and further educates senior citizens to enjoy the benefits of using the Internet during these trying times. © 2021 IEEE.
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In the context of the nationwide shift to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its possible effect on mental health, this study investigated the relationship between demographic, gadget and Internet profiles, and disease and consequence related COVID-19 anxiety among Filipino college students. This is a quantitative cross-sectional study. A total of 952 students participated in the online survey. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to draw insights from the data. Findings suggest that majority of the student respondents had high levels of disease and consequence related COVID-19 anxiety. Students from poorer households, who do not own laptops and desktop computers, and those with limited Internet connection exhibited higher levels of disease-related COVID-19 anxiety. Younger, poorer, female students who were enrolled in lower year levels, do not own laptops or tablets, and have limited or borrowed Internet connectivity demonstrated higher levels of consequence-related COVID-19 anxiety.